Transportation Insights
A selection of information highlighting current mobility challenges.
Road accidents: Cost and benefit analysis
Road accidents: Cost and benefit analysis
According to the World Bank (2009), road-crash costs are taken as a high end indicator for road safety management. In 2018, an analysis concerning the official monetary valuations (from 0.7 to 3.0 million Euro) of the prevention of road crashes from 2015, in 31 European countries, was carried out.It was found that the costs range from 2.5% to 34.0% of the value per fatality and a slight injury from 0.03% to 4.2% of the value of a fatality. It was also found that the total costs of road crashes are equivalent to 0.4–4.1% of GDP. Harmonising valuation practices (e.g. different definitions and levels of underreporting) was recommended in order to compare road-crash costs and cost-benefit analyses more efficiently (W2Economics et al., 2018).
Factors influencing the use of public transportation
A previous study contrasting the city of Recife and Natal in Brazil, and Copenhagen in Denmark, showed similar existing factors influencing the use of public transportation. As a result, it was found out that offering high quality on-line and real-time information, can easily and at low-cost make public transportation an attractive solution for non/regular-routine rides, and also to increase the use of the public transportation (Kaplan et al., 2017).
The e-bikes as a transport mode: Safety awareness
The e-bikes as a transport mode: Safety awareness
Between 2017 and 2018, a two-stage survey, including 7752 participants from nine Norwegian urban areas, was carried out. A logistic regression analysis comparing conventional and electric bicycles, controlling for age, gender and exposure, shows an overall risk increase (all accidents) for e-bike users. The results suggest that some of the risk could be increased due to unfamiliarity with the bike. The increased risk derived from females having a higher accident risk on e-bikes. On the other hand, the risk difference for males between e-bikes and conventional bikes was not noticed. Nevertheless, there seems not to be noticed major differences in the factors leading to accidents, except to the higher prevalence of accidents resulting from balance challenges with e-bikes (ITE, Norway, 2019).
The Rail infrastructure mixed methods to mitigate the passengers risk exposure to hazards
A modified five-step task-driven method is proposed to identify critical and non-critical Risk Passenger Behavior (RPB) hazards and Other Hazards related with Risk Passenger Behavior (OH-RPB) in accident chains, in the metro rail transit (MRT) stations in Beijing. It was found that between 2016 and 2018, from the 895 estimated accident casualties, 58.3% were females and 35.35% males. Regarding the accident types, it included entrapment, falling, injury, electric shock, and scareness. Falls scored 94.6%, the largest proportion of these five types, and injury followed, accounting for 4.3%. The proportions of the other hazards accounted less than 5%. The method proved not only to regularly correlate preventive measures, but also to incorporate the findings as a source of guidance in the allocation of limited resources to critical hazards rather than non-critical hazards (Wang et al., 2020).
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